By Any Means Necessary: America's Secret Air War in the Cold War

Book Description

The "Blind Man's Bluff" of aerial espionage.

Unknown to the public and cloaked in the utmost secrecy, the United States flew missions against the Communist bloc almost continuously during the Cold War in a desperate effort to collect intelligence and find targets for all-out nuclear war. The only hint of the relentless, clandestine operations came when one of the planes was shot down. Many of the air force and navy flyers were killed on the top secret missions. But now, for the first time, award-winning historian William E. Burrows shows that others were captured by the Russians, Chinese, and North Koreans, and were tortured, imprisoned, and killed, while their loved ones grieved and their government looked the other way. In an effort to improve relations with Russia, Washington is still looking the other way, though it pretends otherwise.

Burrows has interviewed scores of men who flew these "black" missions, as well as the widows and children of those who never returned, all of whom want the full story finally told. He has done so with an eye to this story's immensely human dimension. By Any Means Necessary is not about airplanes, but about the people who've sacrificed their lives in the interests of national security.

Customer Reviews:

For those interested..........2007-03-05

This is a must read. Exceptional coverage of the topic and even adds a bit of humor here and there ("Berlin for lunch bunch"). Within the subject this book is worth the five stars.

The Cold War that cost lives........2005-11-10

At the beginning of this book, it quotes Teller as saying at least the Cold War did not cost any lives. Burrows points out in this book that the Cold War did cost lives. At least 15 planes were shot down, and close to a hundred Air Force and Navy airmen were killed. The U.S. Government hid the fact that many flights were ferreting radar information and bombing sights in case of offensive nuclear war. The Soviets and Chinese did the same thing, even if their propaganda said otherwise. The real losers in this conflict were the families of those airmen who were lost. The government lied to them to cover their activities.

This book was released after the Navy ferret airplane collided with the Chinese jet off Hainen. This incident was also described. However shootdowns of U.S. aircraft took place as far back as 1948. Some of these shootdowns were over international airspace. All participants in this conflict were not innocent. The U.S. needed information and these flights provided them this information. The end of the air duels happened in 1970 when satellites took over the intelligence gathering over sensitive Cold War targets.

This is a nice informative read about a little known conflict in the Cold War. I was surprised about the detail the author put into the air clashes. He also told the human story of the losses on the families. A good read.

FEET TO THE FIRE!.......2005-08-24

I remember reading stories of Americans, mainly servicemen, who disappeared behind the Iron Curtain following World War II. To the everlasting shame of every single President from Truman to the current occupant of the White House, we have never demanded a full accounting of their fates, not even from so-called "Democratic" Russia.

Burrows story is a sad, despairing one, of brave men who flew their reconnaisance aircraft over hostile, yes, enemy airspace without fighter jet protection, and often encountered Soviet, Chinese, and North Korean MiG fighters. He writes of that very first aircrew shot down over the Baltic in April 1950, roughly two months before the Korean War. Harry Truman, revered by so many, did absolutely nothing about it even though US Navy life rafts, filled with machine gun holes, were seen drifting off the Swedish coasts.

When the Korean War broke out, Truman refused to bomb the Chinese Army that massed along the Yalu but continued to send these unarmed planes deep into Chinese and Russian Far East airspace. The pilots who did come back would talk about flying over those eerie mountains and crystal blue lakes of Manchuria and Siberia, always on the lookout for enemy jets, and fearfully knowing that if met, they didn't stand a chance. Even if the planes were close to Japanese airspace that didn't stop the Soviets from blasting them out of the sky. One such flight was blasted out of the sky in 1952, just off the coast of Northern Japan. But instead of U.S. jets scrambling to help the crew, or U.S. Navy ships at full speed trying to rescue them - there were destroyers of the Soviet navy on-hand. Some of the American airmen seen parachuting into the sea were believed to have been picked up by these Russian ships, never to be seen again.

Most of these flights ended with the advent of satellites and the downing of Gary Powers' U-2 in May 1960. But Eisenhower, Kennedy, Johnson, Nixon (although he did try to get a full accounting of missing U.S. personnel in Vietnam), Ford, Carter, Reagan, and even Bush and Clinton after the Soviet empire finally collapsed never even bothered to get a full accounting of what happened to these men. Only after former Soviet officers presented the widows, sons and daughters with personal items of men shot down off the Soviet coast did some word of these secret missions and the fate of these men come out - and not for all.

When a "friend" of the United States like Boris Yeltsin can rewarded a savage American traitor and Fascist like the late spy Morris Cohen with the Hero of Russia award, then it is time that we press our elected officials to demand a full accounting - and if any might still be alive a release of these American servicemen who gave their all for this country. Otherwise, what are we doing rescuing their sailors?

Buy it, read it, give a copy to a friend.......2005-02-07

Bottom Line - This is an excellent book. Buy it, read it, give it to a friend.

If you are in the business of Intelligence, you owe it to those who preceded you to hear their story. This book should be required reading for every prospective intelligence officer. It lets you know what the standard is.

If you are an American who values your freedom, you should read this to understand what the price of that freedom is. In these days when people openly talk about and debate the value of the billions spend on intelligence it is even more important to know what the non dollar cost is and what all of those billions buys us.

Most of the players in the decades long game with the Soviets and Chinese were never talked about in the glowing terms of the "Greatest Generation" yet they sacrificed as much if not more than those before them. Their battle was unknown to the outside world and often even to them. Their families were denied any comfort that is gained from explanation and recognition. Because the war was "Cold" few knew or admitted that lives were being lost. Burrows provides long overdue recognition for their sacrifice.

A cannot recomend enought buying this book.

Should Be Taught In All History Courses.......2004-03-26

I find that memories of the Cold War are fast fading, and not even direct experiences of a growing part of our population. This is why it seems now so easy for politicians to "rewrite" history to their own agendas, including phases such as Vietnam specifically and the Cold War generally. Fewer and fewer know how it even came about--how one of our staunchest Allies agains the Third Reich could so quickly become our primary nemesis in the seeming battle for world domination and influence--or as I was taught--hegemony.

Burrows focuses on the brave soldiers who were on the front lines of intelligence gathering. These were the men who "accidentally" flew over Soviet air space, to get a glimpse of weapons systems, troop movements, and the military-industrial complex of the U.S.S.R. This work is well-documented and fascinating. The great human toll of this work is clear with a section before the endnotes, with names of those deceased in this important work.

These silent and shadow missions went on continually, punctuated only by foreign touting of a plane shot down, a flier captured. Such was our fear of "re-education" that the film the Manchurian Candidate could not be shown for decades, fear that our government might be infiltrated by "turned" Americans.

Product Description

The imperialists know the only way you will voluntarily turn to the fox is to show you a wolf. In eleven speeches and interviews, Malcolm X presents a revolutionary alternative to this reformist trap, taking up political alliances, women's rights, U.S. intervention in the Congo and Vietnam, capitalism and socialism, and more.

Customer Reviews:

Excellent M/X compilation.......2005-08-29

This collection of writings and speeches by Malcolm X deals with the last year of his life and contains some really interesting material. M/X goes off on some ideas that would still make many people squirm, such as his idea that "Any Black person who registers as a Democrat or a Republican is a traitor to his people." What Black politican today would say this? He also stresses that the main thing for African-Americans to do is to undo the damage to the self-esteem of Black people done by slavery and Jim Crow (another capital idea seldom heard-but needed to be said-today). He warns against reactionary picketing against foolish and symbolic issues and bluntly states that if it's an idea that you aren't worth dying for, then you shouldn't demonstrate at all!

Ideas tof this kind are seldom heald even from so-called "militant" leaders of today, who thrive on theatrics and shock value as opposed to concrete ideas for the betterment of the masses. I also like his take on white liberals ("John Brown should be your standard") although I disagree to an extent with a few ideas (such as his take on Rev. Bruce Klunder, a Cleveland martyr) but one does not have to agree with someone 100% to recognize sincerity and brilliance. Read it and think!

Some excerpts.......2005-04-17

I think the best way to describe this great book is a few excerpts.

"... by any means necessary. That's our motto. We want freedom by any means necessary. We want justice by any means necessary. We want equality by any means necessary."

"We won't organize any black man to be a Democrat or a Republican because both of them have sold us out."

"Those who claim to be enemies of the system were on their hands and knees waiting for [Democratic president] Johnson to get elected because he's supposed to be a man of peace; and he has troops invading the Congo [in Africa] right now and invading Saigon [Vietnam]...."

"This political, economic, and social system of America was produced from the enslavement of the black man and that particular system is capable only of reproducing that out of which itself was produced."

"No, you have got no friends in Washington, D.C.... You've got friends in Africa, friends in Asia, friends in Latin America."

"[The] thing that I would like to impress upon every Afro-American leader is that no kind of action in this country is ever going to bear fruit unless that action is tied in with the overall international struggle."

(In one of his speeches, Malcolm read the founding statement of the Organization of Afro-American Unity (OAAU) which he led, adding his own comments. Malcolm didn't write the statement himself; it was developed by a committee of the new group.)

"[quoting OAAU] 'A first step in the program to end the existing system of racist education is to demand that the 10 percent of the [New York city] schools the Board of Education will not include in its [desegregation] plan be turned over to and run by the Afro-American community itself.'"

"[quoting OAAU] 'The [Black] community must ... wage an unrelenting struggle against police brutality.'"

"Wherever you have organized crime, that type of crime cannot exist other than with the consent of the police, the knowledge of the police and the cooperation of the police.... [Criminals] pay the police off so that they will not get arrested. I know what I'm talking about - I used to be out there."

"[quoting OAAU] 'We propose to support and organize political clubs, to run independent candidates for office, and to support any Afro-American already in office who answers to and is responsible to the Afro-American community.' We don't support any black man who is controlled by the white power structure."

I also recommend "Malcolm X Talks to Young People". (See my review.)

I recommend the ads in the back of the book. Pathfinder Press is defined by a political goal, not commercial success. It aims to provide a platform for revolutionary leaders speaking in their own words. If you like one book, you will probably like others.

A great book!.......2003-10-22

This wonderful biography on Malcom X is an intriguing book talking about Malcom's life and greatest triumphs. It describes his life as a child, on the streets, in prison, and as a leader. It told me almost everything I wanted to know about his life, with a some interesting tidbits to keep it from getting boring, but not too many so it isn't a foot thick. The book starts out nicely, with a story about when Malcom made sure that a young African American man captured by the police is kept in good health. Although, after reading this grabbing article, the book slows down a little bit, don't stop, because ahead of you is a fun and informative novel containing everything you wanted to know about this wonderful leader.

A first hand look at the man himself.......2003-09-02

I recommend this book to anyone who is curious as to who Malcom X is. It is not a biography, but a collection of interviews and speeches that reveal the essence of a natural born leader. Malcom X lived in a time where his people where treated as second class citizens, where every genuine attempt to counter the mistreatment of blacks was met with opposition, either by supremacist groups or the Government's inability to protect the rights of his people.
Naturally he develops a militant stand against the injustice, as every other measure seemed futile. The militancy undeniably made him notorious in the media circles and he was often misunderstood of misquoted by the establishment. By objectively reading his words as they are transcribed, one cannot help but agree that he is indeed a revolutionary philosopher and activist, unafraid and eager to change his views as he learns more about the struggle for universal human rights.
This is a must read for people who are curious to learn more about the real civil rights struggle, a stark contrast from the rosy pictures that are painted every year in Febuary.

Profile of a Racist Icon.......2003-05-02

This book does not deserve any stars, not due to its technical profficiency as the book is well written.
However this work does nothing to condemn the racist, anti-white attitude taken by the subject, or the subjects links with international black supremacist regimes and terrorist organisations.
Those who fail to condemn racism, including black racism, are condoning it - the author has therefore taken the moral low ground.

By Any Means Necessary: The Trials and Tribulations of the Making of Malcolm X

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Basics behind the making of the film
An informative and educational book on an important film.

By Any Means Necessary: The Trials and Tribulations of the Making of Malcolm X
Spike Lee , Ralph Wiley , and Malcolm X
Manufacturer: Hyperion Books (Adult Trd Pap)
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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Customer Reviews:

Basics behind the making of the film .......2005-04-09

As to say Spike Lee is one-of-a kind director and a good follower. I luv him from the top since he been out. I would actually like to hear more from him 'cuz he's still my top director and mentor. Now back to the movie, I know everybody have love for this flick that Spike Lee created it talks about the life and times of civil rights leader Malcolm X (played by my main man Denzel Washington) which begins on reading the screenplay, the talks about it, the stars who played on the film and to those that believe that believe it out, etc. This is one of my all-time favorite books to read 'cuz it tells it all right here from this movie I like. Anyway it's still my #1 favorite movie of all-time. I look forward for Spike Lee putting out a memoir of his life and where he started his film-playing career into a higher level which drops in Sept or Oct of this yr. Specially look forward of hearing it.

An informative and educational book on an important film........1997-10-12

"By Any Means Necessary" is an excellent book on the making of the film "Malcolm X" by director Spike Lee. Not only do we get a chance to see the film from the director's eye, but we also get to read all of the hassles he had to go through in order to come out with a film in Hollywood.The whole tone of the book, like all of Lee's books on his firms, is that of a diary. So what we're reading is random notes, scribbles, and just little lines that he will remember down the line. It almost seemed like a match made in hell: Spike Lee, considered to be a "controversial" film director, does a film on the line of Malcolm X, considered to be a controversial human rights figure. Throughout the book, Lee has to remind himself that despite the nay-sayers, the film will be done, even at times when he doubts his own creative genius.There are also thoughts from some of the actors (including Denzel Washington, who also played Malcolm X in his early years), but the best words come from Lee

By Any Means Necessary: Speeches, Interviews and a Letter

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By Any Means Necessary: Speeches, Interviews and a Letter
Malcolm X
Manufacturer: Pathfinder Pr
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

Average customer rating:

Reverse racism and the wrong message portrayed
From a 14 year old perspective
Walter Dean Myers Succeeds Again!
A new look
My idol, my admirer, my savior... Malcom X

Malcolm X: By Any Means Necessary
Walter Dean Myers
Manufacturer: Scholastic Paperbacks
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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Customer Reviews:

Reverse racism and the wrong message portrayed.......2007-09-06

I am very shocked at what I read in this book. The black community in general would be outraged if a white political speaker spoke the things he said. However sadly there is many black chruches that teach this pure hate of a certain color of people. I do not agree with this book. The views and worldview perspective of hate given in it. I am surprised by the good reviews this book has got and question who these folks are:
MY view Don't buy this book buy a Martin Luther King book instead

From a 14 year old perspective.......2006-12-12

"I have a dream..." were the famous first words of the great Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.'s speech at the Washington Street March. Many people have studied these words as the words of the most prominent black civil rights leader, but few have studied the words of the great Malcolm X. Malcolm X was a lesser known civil rights activist and leader. He was very controversial in his time, but few will argue that he is one of the smartest, most passionate men in history. This book takes you through Malcolm's childhood in Nebraska, his teenage years as a drug dealer on the streets of Harlem, and finally his adulthood, fighting for his rights as a great Islamic, black leader.

Walter Dean Myers does an excellent job of putting aside his feelings of Malcolm X and letting form your own opinion of him. Myers comes up with facts and not more so you can do this. He paints a clear portrait of Malcolm's entire life and work for young adult to adult readers. I personally enjoy the way that Myers is very straight forward in his writing but somehow adds a touch of suspense into the facts. "Malcolm was taking a dangerous course, and he knew it...if someone wanted to harm him, it could still happen. The word on the streets of Harlem was somber. Malcolm, it was said, was marked for death." p. 165. This is just one example of the suspenseful tone Myers uses to keep you turning pages. Myers writes about Malcolm as though he had known him personally and knows what times were like for him. At many points throughout the story, you feel as though you are there with Malcolm in Mecca or watching through the window as the assassination takes place. Myers keeps you into the story and wanting more and even wishing you had been able to meet the great Malcolm X first hand.

After reading this book, I think that Malcolm X's biography should be more commonly used name in places of learning. Malcolm X should be studied along with Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. so that people don't only see one side of the civil rights movement. Though Malcolm is often misjudged or interpreted, he should be remembered as a great fighter who believed in equality and justice for all.

Walter Dean Myers Succeeds Again!.......2005-07-21

Evaluation: This is a wonderfully written biography of an influential African American, Malcolm X. Beginning with his birth in 1925 and ending with his assassination in 1965, Walter Dean Myers describes the trials and tribulations of one of America's radical African American leaders. The book details the many differences between Malcolm X and Martin Luther King. Though both men aimed to lift the African American people from their second class citizenship, Martin Luther King believed in a nonviolent approach. On the other hand, Malcolm X believed that the African American community needed to revolt. "Revolution is bloody, revolution is hostile, revolution knows no compromise, revolution overturns and destroys everything that gets in its way" (p. 107). These were Malcolm X's words as he described his belief that no African American solution could possibly involve fitting into a white society. Students will enjoy reading this biography. They will come to learn about a controversial figure in America. Several photographs and illustrations will help to entice even the most reluctant of readers.

A new look.......2004-09-27

Myers takes a new look at the Malcom X story with a special light on his childhood. The book is well organized with a blueprint of the structures that made up his life.

My idol, my admirer, my savior... Malcom X.......2004-02-22

Malcom X, as we know is a well known activist throughout the world. However, while reading "By any means necessary", I have come across a different Malcom X, infact the first Malocm X that I have come across with was Malcom Little.This was Malcom as a little boy, a Malcom who worked really hard in school to achive his goal to become a lawyer. But this dream of his, would only be dream because Malcom was black.Malcom's intelligence was over looked just because he was not white.
The second Malcom was a street hustler/gambler named:Detroit Red. He was the lady's man of both races:black and white.Malcom then started to use what he learnt in school in the streets to make profits. However this job did not last long because Malcom was sent to prison year 1946.This is when the third Malcom came along, in prison Malcom learnt the Islamic ways of life.When Malcom was released from prison, he then replaced Little(his given name, with X ).- X stands for the unknown being our names was lost on the slaveship.
Malcom X is a remarkable man, his name has been spoken within the slum of cities and also their capitals. While reading this book I have realised that Malcom X is my idol, my admirer, and my savior...Malcom X.

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Heterodox
Spike Lee: by any means necesscary
slow ride
The book review of Spike Lee's By Any Means Necessary

Spike Lee: By Any Means Necessary
James Haskins
Manufacturer: Walker & Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Customer Reviews:

Heterodox.......2007-02-09

Spike Lee also known as Shelton Jackson Lee has provided a vehicle with this book that really delivers. This book provided insight into the personal life of Spike Lee, the heterodox film maker. Spike Lee revealed more info than most people are willing to do, such as the rift between him and his Dad. His feelings about his white stepmother. The interaction of he and his siblings... and his father's heroin usage.

His biographical information mentally reminded me of his movie, "Crooklyn". The book also offers awesome behind the scenes info on the making of "School Daze", "Malcolm X", "Jungle Fever", "Do The Right Thing", "She's Gotta Have It", "Crooklyn", and "Get On The Bus".

I really enjoyed this book. I am not an aspiring film maker, but I am a fan of Spike Lee. This book is a page turner and a quick read. Spike is a true example of the fruits of faith, belief in a dream, and determination.

By:
Pam Jarmon-Wade

Spike Lee: by any means necesscary .......2006-12-15

Spike lee: by any means necessary by Jim Haskins is a book for the person who wants to make a movie but is not spike lee has an smart idea of how to make the money. Spike Lee was born march 20, 1957 in Atlanta, Georgia. Most of his life was spent in Brooklyn. His parents are William "bill" lee, a jazz composer, and his mom was a teacher. He also had three brothers David, Cinque, Chris and a sister Joile. He followed in his dad and grandpa's college Morehouse in Atlanta. Morehouse is where spike became interested in filmmaking. Lee mastered film making at NYU 1982. He has also made many movies including School daze and Do the right thing. The way he incorporated his life into his movies was brilliant. I especially liked his characters in his movies.
Spike lee's first movie out of college was messenger. This movie is a drama about a New York messenger. During the production of this film it was halted because spike was five thousand dollars over his twenty eight million budgets. He decided to pick up the phone and call wealthy black entertainers. He called from Bill Cosby to Michael Jordan. The day after he called he got a check from Bill Cosby. He was eventually able to make his movie.
The movie School Daze is based on his four years at Morehouse during homecoming weekend. The movie deals with conflict between light and dark skin blacks. The light skin blacks are rich, have expensive things and popular. The dark skin blacks were uncool.
One of my favorite characters was a guy in the movie Two-one-two the guy is Chris Rock. He would go into a store and say "How much for a rib" Then store clerk would say the price and he would say " Who! How about I pay you a quarter for the ribs."
The clerk would say " two dollars fifty cents a rib"
The guy would reply " how about you let get the rib for a days work." What was so crazy about this was at the end when he was going to pay he pulls out a roll of cash.
To sum it up the book describes spike lee's life excellently this book is for the up coming film star.

A.W.

slow ride.......2003-01-08

Spike Lee written by Jim Haskins is about Spike Lee's life. Spike Lee is a movie director, and has directed over twenty films, like Malcolm X, and Summer Of Sam. It ranges from his family history before he was born to the present. But it goes in great detail about the movie industry and how it's a dog eat dog world out there. This book was missing a lot of the fun and positive things about being in the movie industry. It really focused on several of his own failures and obstacles. But it did not really go into details about why some of his movies were more successful than others.
This book was written really well. It had good sentence fluency, but lacked in voice because the author wasn't very interested. The word choice was bad because they used simple words, and organization was also bad because they jumped around. The ideas were also terrible because this is not an interesting fellow: he's just a dead beat.
My overall opinion would be one star because this book is really slow and boring. I would have rather sat and fiddled my thumbs together. But people that love his movies might like this book.

The book review of Spike Lee's By Any Means Necessary.......1999-01-25

This book was the personal story of the man who rose from thief and hoodlum to becoming the most dynamic leader of the Black Revolution. The themes mentioned in the book are the endless problems of the Afro-Americans. A man that fought for what he believed in, and sacrificed his life for the freedom of his people. The book showed how Malcolm X changed his life by using different and peaceful changes later on, in his young life.

By Any Means Necessary: America's Secret Air War

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By Any Means Necessary: America's Secret Air War
William E. Burrows
Manufacturer: Hutchinson & Co
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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By Any Means Necessary: The Revolutionary Struggle at San Francisco State

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By Any Means Necessary: The Revolutionary Struggle at San Francisco State
Robert Smith
Manufacturer: Jossey-Bass
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Black Baseball Entrepreneurs, 1860-1901: Operating by Any Means Necessary (Sports and Entertainment)

Average customer rating:

Tacky and boring.

Black Baseball Entrepreneurs, 1860-1901: Operating by Any Means Necessary (Sports and Entertainment)
Michael E. Lomax
Manufacturer: Syracuse University Press
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Binding: Paperback

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Customer Reviews:

Tacky and boring. .......2005-06-14

The author of this book has no original ideas of his own. As far as the facts goes he simply borrowed thoughts and insight from other books and articles . I believe this author is much to lazy to go and do any original research on his own. This book does not offer one original theory or bit of information about the history of sports. The author blames the "man" for all the problems that have ever occurred in sports and society at large. The book suggests when a person fails it must have been from an elaborate plot by the "man". Oppression of the black athlete in the past did occur and is a terrible truth. However, where Lomax leaves reality is when he lectures on how the "man" is still behind the scenes oppressing all minorities in sports today. Instead of a focus on the success and achievements of minorities in sports, he only focuses on the negative and how the "man" is out to get everyone with a skin color other than white. The concept that hard work equals success is foreign to the author, this book is a joke and a waste of time. Tacky and un-original.

Bamn (By Any Means Necessary): Outlaw Manifestos & Ephemera, 1965-1970

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Bamn (By Any Means Necessary): Outlaw Manifestos & Ephemera, 1965-1970

Manufacturer: Autonomedia
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 1570270287

Book Description

Cultural Writing. This historic anthology--first published in 1971--presents many of the radical and visionary movements, groups, and cells of protest and propaganda of the late 1960's. It includes such now-well-known groups as the Dutch 'Provos,' the Black Panthers, the Yippies and the Situationists, among others. It also documents the early years of the women's liberation movement, the birth of the drug culture and the free religions movement, the world-wide communal movement, and the global protest against ecological destruction. Here are many of the essential documents of the underground, as well as samples of its ephemera, including flyers, posters and leaflets. This book is essential for understanding the depth and range of the Sixties protests: calls to action "By Any Means Necessary." Edited by Peter Stansill and David Zane Mairowitz.

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