Quantum Dot Heterostructures

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Quantum Dot Heterostructures Dieter Bimberg, Marius Grundmann and Nikolai N. Ledentsov Institute of Solid State Physics, Technische Universität Berlin, Germany Quantum dots are nanometer-size semiconductor structures, and represent one of the most rapidly developing areas of current semiconductor research as increases in the speed and decreases in the size of semiconductor devices become more important. They present the utmost challenge to semiconductor technology, making possible fascinating novel devices. This important new reference book focuses on the key phenomena and principles. Chapter 1 provides a brief account of the history of quantum dots, whilst the second chapter surveys the various fabrication techniques used in the past two decades, and introduces the concept of self-organized growth. This topic is expanded in the following chapter, which presents a broad review of self-organization phenomena at surfaces of crystals. Experimental results on growth of quantum dot structures in many different systems and on their structural characterization are presented in Chapter 4. Basic properties of the dots relate to their geometric structure and chemical composition. Numerical modeling of the electronic and optical properties of real dots is presented in Chapter 5, together with general theoretical considerations on carrier capture, relaxation, recombination and properties of quantum dot lasers. Chapters 6 and 7 summarize experimental results on electronic, optical and electrical properties. The book concludes by disoussing highly topical results on quantum-dot-based photonic devices - mainly quantum dot lasers. Quantum Dot Heterostructures is written by some of the key researchers who have contributed significantly to the development of the field, and have pioneered both the theoretical understanding of quantum dot related phenomena and quantum dot lasers. It is of great interest to graduate and postgraduate students, and to researchers in semiconductor physics and technology and optoelectronics.

Customer Reviews:

Absurdly expensive $338 for 328 pages of old book.......2007-06-09

Ridiculously expensive dollar per page for this old book. Not worth it. The contents are now looking rather dated, and are readily available elsewhere at a far more reasonable cost.

tailorable properties.......2004-11-03

Quantum dots are a very promising new field for materials research. The authors discuss the latest results in the field. And not just from their own research. The book predominantly covers experimental results. These touch upon important details like how to grow (ie. manufacture) them, so as to produce dots on the same surface that also have comparable properties like threshold currents for lasing.

Attention is also given to simulating the properties (electronic, optical and material) of the dots. We see how the small size of the dots gives rise to quantum confinement effects. And thence on the bandstructure and lasing. A key top level idea is that the fabrication of the dots and the control over their doping lets us make new mesoscopic materials, with tailorable properties.

Graduate students in semiconductor physics and material science might find this book very attractive.

Optics of Quantum Dots and Wires (Artech House Solid-State Technology Library)

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The State of the Art as it Exists Today

Optics of Quantum Dots and Wires (Artech House Solid-State Technology Library)

Manufacturer: Artech House Publishers
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots: Theoretical and Computational Physics of Semiconductor Nanostructures

ASIN: 1580537618

Book Description

Quantum technology is the key to next-generation optoelectronics and laser semiconductors, and this new cutting-edge book is an in-depth examination of how quantum dots and wires are fabricated and applied to optics. You find a solid tutorial on the optical properties of nanoscale dots and wires that explains the current state of this technology and why it is so promising. The book presents a detailed survey of techniques based on molecular beam epitaxial growth for fabricating semiconductor quantum dots and wires. You learn how to assess these growth strategies for insertion of dots and wires into devices.

Special focus is given to bottom-up growth methods that have the most potential for fabricating atomically precise structures. Each type of these structures is characterized optically, so their properties can be modeled for application at the system level. This unique resource concludes with a discussion of how quantum dots and wires can be applied to next-generation semiconductor lasers and optical sources, as well as to single photon sources and quantum coherent optoelectronics.

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The State of the Art as it Exists Today.......2004-12-13

In the late 1970's the physics and engineering came together to enable the construction of a new generation of optoelectronic devices with enhanced performance such as the quantuum well lasers. The physical theory said that this could be done and the mechanical assembly of semiconductors using the epitaxial growth of planar structures which enabled monolayer thickness made the devices practical. Enhancement of the techniques since has driven down the price of components dramatically downward (the low price of CD-ROM readers and players is the result). While the thickness of the layers has been easy to control, the other two dimensions has proven much more difficult.

In the past few years, new techniques have come into being that offer great promise in the fabrication of devices that are not planer (two dimensional) but linear (one dimensional - a wire) or even a single dot (of almost no dimension).

This book, edited by Dr. Glenn Solomon of Stanford and Dr. Garnett Bryant of NIST researchers from around the world have contributed chapters that cover the state of the art in how quantum dots and wires are fabricated and applied to optics. This is as cutting-edge a book on the subject as is possible to put together today.

Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots: Theoretical and Computational Physics of Semiconductor Nanostructures

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Excellent Book
a great work

Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots: Theoretical and Computational Physics of Semiconductor Nanostructures
Paul Harrison
Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0470010800

Book Description

Emphasis on combining the analysis and interpretation of experimental data with the development of theoretical ideas
Complementary to the more standard texts
Aimed at the physics community at large, rather than just the low-dimensional semiconductor expert
The text present solutions for a large number of real situations
Presented in a lucid style with easy to follow steps related to accompanying illustrative examples

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Quantum Wells, Wires and Dots Second Edition: Theoretical and Computational Physics of Semiconductor Nanostructures provides all the essential information, both theoretical and computational, for complete beginners to develop an understanding of how the electronic, optical and transport properties of quantum wells, wires and dots are calculated. Readers are lead through a series of simple theoretical and computational examples giving solid foundations from which they will gain the confidence to initiate theoretical investigations or explanations of their own. Emphasis on combining the analysis and interpretation of experimental data with the development of theoretical ideas Complementary to the more standard texts Aimed at the physics community at large, rather than just the low-dimensional semiconductor expert The text present solutions for a large number of real situations Presented in a lucid style with easy to follow steps related to accompanying illustrative examples

Customer Reviews:

Excellent Book.......2004-11-23

This book is the best you are going to find for new quantum electronics. It covers all the essentials (wells, wires and dots as the title says) and, AND it gives you all the code used to generate every figure. This way you can work all the numbers and equations yourself. Yes, it is very expensive, but hey, Harrison has to eat man; a book like this has a real limited audience, so you have to bear the cost to be elite.

The code is all C code and can be run in unix or linux. You can also get an emulator (cygwin.com) or translate into your favorite C. The author has a great website with errata and software updates.

Again, the ability to follow along by running your own code helps really bring the information across. The book and the code are both well written.

Excellent book.

a great work.......2002-11-29

It is a great work of this book. I think it is very useful to readers with all kinds of levels. But it is a pity I can't buy it in my own country-mainland of China. Could you give me a chance? Thanks!

Quantum Dots (Selected Topics in Electronics and Systems, Vol. 25)

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Quantum Dots (Selected Topics in Electronics and Systems, Vol. 25)

Manufacturer: World Scientific Publishing Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 9810249187

The Quantum Dot: A Journey into the Future of Microelectronics

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Great conceptual review
The future of microelectronics
Solid State Physics Explained for the Layman
Great book of future technology for the Lay person!

The Quantum Dot: A Journey into the Future of Microelectronics
Richard Turton
Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0195109597

Amazon.com

If you've ever wanted to understand just how semiconductors, transistors, and microelectronics work--and what the future holds in store--Richard Turton's The Quantum Dot explains it in a thorough yet accessible fashion that doesn't require a degree in physics or electrical engineering to understand. Turton describes the basic principles upon which today's microelectronics are built to set the stage for a discussion of potential computing devices of the future, including quantum transistors, superconducting elements, and optoelectronics that switch with light rather than electricity. Turton is careful to provide an overview as he begins each chapter and to recap the discussion at the end, so that even if you were baffled by some of the finer details you can still pick up the gist of the section.

Book Description

Since first developed in the early sixties, silicon chip technology has made vast leaps forward. From a rudimentary circuit with a mere handful of transistors, the chip has evolved into a technological miracle, packing millions of bits of information on a surface no larger than a human thumbnail. And most experts predict that in the near future, we will see chips with over a billion bits. At the same time, this revolution in microelectronics has sparked a dramatic change in the way we live. An integral part of the computer industry, the microchip is found in everything from lasers, fax machines, and satellites to greeting cards and children's toys. And yet few people have any idea how chips work, or how so much information can be captured in such a miniscule space. Now, in The Quantum Dot, physicist Richard Turton provides a clear, informative look at the science that lies behind the modern revolution in microelectronics and offers an intriguing glimpse of the possible future of this rapidly evolving field. Turton illuminates the development of the microchip, in a discussion that ranges from a primer on atoms and electrons, to the properties of semiconductors (most notably, silicon), to the structure of the transistor. We learn how researchers have managed to pack the tiny silicon chip with more and more bits, and we get a state-of-the-art look at the microelectronic industry today, from the newest chip materials (such as gallium arsenide, a much faster material than silicon, used in the recently released Cray 3 supercomputer) to the exotic world of high-temperature superconductors. Perhaps most interesting, Turton offers a provocative glimpse of the future of microelectronics. Here readers enter the strange realm where quantum theory prevails and where physical events contradict our intuitive perceptions. Turton shows how researchers are leaving the transistor far behind as they struggle to exploit quantum effects to create incredibly small and fast devices, such as "designer atoms" and the quantum dot. He concludes that the range of future possibilities are immense, including devices in which electrons behave not as particles but as waves, and computers in which there are no electrical signals, only beams of light. Here then is an amazing scientific--and economic--success story, told with clarity and expertise. It will fascinate anyone curious about where modern technology is headed and what the world might look like when it gets there.

Customer Reviews:

Great conceptual review.......2004-10-21

This book is a great refresher of concepts that are driving many of our modern semiconductor devices. It does not get into heavy equations or overly complicated scenarios.

The future of microelectronics.......2000-10-06

This book consists of two parts (its not formally laid out that way, it just naturally organizes into two parts). The first part is a qualitative introduction to integrated semiconductor electronics (with emphasis on transistor junctions). The second part focuses on solid state quantum physics with emphasis on optical as well as electrical properties. There is also a smattering of material on super conducting materials and some basic material about how a digital computer works. The author's intended audience is the high school student or first-year college student who wants to pursue a degree in the sciences. An alternate audience is the informed layman who wants to be up to date at a qualitative level with recent advances in electronics and future directions in research and development.

I believe the book is well written for the intended audience. Turner has an easy-to-read style, and he manages to explain things (generally) in a technically accurate way without the use of mathematics. Without the mathematical details this book is not what you'd expect in a design reference - and that's not what it's intended for. But it is an excellent book to read in advance of a rigorous quantitative class on the subject. I think it's much easier to understand physical phenomena in mathematical detail if one first obtains a qualitative "feel" for what's going on.

Turner opens his book with two short chapters on matter and the origin of conductivity. He spends the next few chapters describing p-n junctions, how they are used to make transistors, and issues that limit their size and speed. Along the way he shows how transistors are used in computers both in the fabrication of basic logic elements, and also in the venerable "flip-flop" memory cell. His descriptions are clear and concise, making liberal use of figures and diagrams so that the concepts can be grasped with no particular pre-existing skills in physics or electronics.

The explanation of present semiconductor physics sets the stage for later discussions about the motivation for semiconductor devices at the quantum level. He does a good job of illustrating the fact that quantum-dominated semiconductor devices will not simply be miniaturized versions of the devices populating current integrated circuits. The physics would not allow it. Rather, they will be unique devices that are designed and custom tailored using quantum theory from the ground up. The result will be new devices that have similar - though often dramatically different - operating characteristics, and that are orders of magnitude smaller than present devices, as well as faster.

In illustrating the classical and quantum semiconductor circuits, Turner does a nice job of laying out the basic ideas behind these devices. In qualitative prose, he explains the exclusion principle, how it applies to fermions, and how the exclusion principle in conjunction with quantized energy states results in many of the phenomena that we observe in semiconductor devices. Turner's description of the optical properties of semiconductors flows naturally from earlier discussions. He describes the basic ideas behind a laser, though in this regard I found the descriptions somewhat lacking. Other interesting groundwork is provided in his descriptions of tunneling and Compton pairs (which are involved in super conducting).

A nice feature is the glossary of terms, along with a nice list of further reading material and a good index. The book is also well illustrated throughout, with figures that add considerably to one's level of understanding. I'd recommend this book to anyone interested in a qualitative introduction to solid-state physics, electronics, or semiconductor optics. I found it enjoyable to read and rich in the sort of qualitative imagery and description that makes learning so much more enjoyable.

Solid State Physics Explained for the Layman.......1998-11-30

This book gives sound, complete and comprehensible explanations for a number of solid state devices (pn diodes, FET and bipolar transistors, laser diodes, superconductors, Josephson junctions, etc). This book contains the best (most comprehensible) explanation I have ever read on the theoretical operation of bipolar transistors.

Great book of future technology for the Lay person!.......1997-04-05

Turton has done a wonderful job descibing the technicalities of today's computer/electronic technology. His descriptions allow the lay-person to understand the current technology and to understand where the future is taking us - probably to the Quantum Dot - and other devices. I highly reccomend it for anyone interested in the nanotechnology field as a primer

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Frontiers in Quantum Dots Research

Manufacturer: Nova Science Publishers
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Dots (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics)

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Excellent for beginers

Optical Properties of Semiconductor Quantum Dots (Springer Tracts in Modern Physics)
Ulrike Woggon
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Book Description

This book presents an overview of the current understanding of the physics of zero-dimensional semiconductors. It concentrates mainly on quantum dots of wide-gap semiconductors, but touches also on zero-dimensional systems based on silicon and III-V materials. After providing the reader with a theoretical background, the author illustrates the specific properties of three-dimensionally confined semiconductors, such as the size dependence of energy states, optical transitions, and dephasing mechanisms with the results from numerous experiments in linear and nonlinear spectroscopy. Technological concepts of the growth concepts and the potential of this new class of semiconductor materials for electro-optic and nonlinear optical devices are also discussed.

Customer Reviews:

Excellent for beginers.......2003-10-13

Excellent source of introductory issues to the hot subject of quantum dots. It is now a bit old, not accounting for the new advances in the last 5 years, but still the necessary material to start.

Quantum Dot Lasers (Series on Semiconductor Science and Technology, 11)

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Quantum Dot Lasers (Series on Semiconductor Science and Technology, 11)
Victor M. Ustinov , Alexey E. Zhukov , Anton Y. Egorov , and Nikolai A. Maleev
Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
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Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0198526792

Book Description

The book addresses issues associated with physics and technology of injection lasers based on self-organized quantum dots. Fundamental and technological aspects of quantum dot edge-emitting lasers and VCSELs, their current status and future prospects are summarized and reviewed. The theoretically predicted advantages of an ideal QD array for laser applications are discussed. Basic principles of QD formation using self-organization phenomena are reviewed. Structural and optical properties of self-organized QDs are considered with a number of examples in different material systems. Recent achievements in controlling the QD properties including the effects of vertical stacking, changing the matrix bandgap and the surface density of QDs are reviewed. The authors focus on the use of self-organized quantum dots in laser structures, fabrication and characterization of edge- and surface-emitting diode lasers, their properties and optimization with special attention paid to the relationship between structural and electronic properties of QDs and laser characteristics. The threshold and power characteristics of the state-of-the-art QD lasers are demonstrated. Issues related to the long-wavelength (1.3-mm) lasers on a GaAs substrate are also addressed and recent results on InGaAsN-based diode lasers presented for the purpose of comparison.

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Quantum Dots
T. Chakraborty
Manufacturer: Elsevier Science
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0444502580

Book Description

This book deals with the electronic and optical properties of two low-dimensional systems: quantum dots and quantum antidots and is divided into two parts. Part one is a self-contained monograph which describes in detail the theoretical and experimental background for exploration of electronic states of the quantum-confined systems. Starting from the single-electron picture of the system, the book describes various experimental methods that provide important information on these systems. Concentrating on many-electron systems, theoretical developments are described in detail and their experimental consequences are also discussed. The field has witnessed an almost explosive growth and some of the future directions of explorations are highlighted towards the end of the monograph. The subject matter is dealt with in such a way that it is both accessible to beginners and useful for expert researchers as a comprehensive review of most of the developments in the field.

Furthermore the book contains 37 reprinted articles which have been selected to provide a first-hand picture of the overall developments in the field. The early papers have been arranged to portray the developments chronologically, and the more recent papers provide an overview of future direction in the research.

Quantum Dots, Nanoparticles, And Nanoclusters 2 (Proceedings of SPIE)

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Quantum Dots, Nanoparticles, And Nanoclusters 2 (Proceedings of SPIE)

Manufacturer: SPIE-International Society for Optical Engine
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0819457086

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