Ground-Water Microbiology and Geochemistry

Book Description

Up-to-date coverage and a unique, multidisciplinary approach

The ongoing effort to protect our valuable ground-water resources necessarily involves scientists and engineers from many disciplines. Ground-Water Microbiology and Geochemistry, Second Edition is designed to bridge the historical lack of communication among these disciplines by detailing-in language that cuts across specialties-the impact of microorganisms and microbial processes on ground-water systems.

Carefully revised to reflect the many recent discoveries that have been made in the field, the Second Edition begins with an overview of microbiology, ideal for hydrologists and others who may lack formal training in the field. These initial chapters systematically cover the kinds of microorganisms found in subsurface environments, focusing on their growth, metabolism, genetics, and ecology.

The second part of the book offers a hydrologic perspective on how microbial processes affect ground-water geochemistry in pristine systems. It also introduces the different classes of ground-water systems, and gives an overview of techniques for sampling subsurface environments. Readers gain an understanding of biogeochemical cycling in ground-water systems-in coverage unique to this book-and how ground-water chemistry can be used to study microbial processes in aquifer systems.

The final section of the book deals with the biodegradation of human-introduced contaminants in ground-water systems, with an up-to-date review of the physiology, biochemistry, and redox conditions that favor biodegradation processes.

Ground-Water Microbiology and Geochemistry, Second Edition is important reading for geoscientists, hydrologists, and environmental engineers, as well as for water planners and lawyers involved in environmental issues. It also serves as a compelling text for upper-level undergraduate and graduate courses in ground-water chemistry.

Customer Reviews:

Oh for an editor.......2003-04-30

This second edition is just as full of typos as the first, an average of 1/page, from misuse of "it's" to alternation of the spelling of Monod (Monad), to slipping the superscript so 10^5 becomes 105. The illustrations are fine and clear, and subject to the same mispelling.
The author is with the USGeological Survey, which at least used to be a paragon of critical editing, and one had hoped for better proofing in this expansion of the widely used and acclaimed text. A book at this price that stands to be a long-lived authority should have received better.
The expansion is welcome, since geomicrobiology is advancing so fast that the first edition was already out of date. Much of the expansion is given to petroleum hydrocarbons (with a couple of pages on MTBE) and chlorinated solvents, some of which has again become dated since the second edition, already, some of which appears catering to school classes.
Some of the more mysterious questions of geomicrobiology are still avoided (e.g. how do microbes get into clayey deposits where pores are smaller than average bugs and pore throats are much smaller? did individuals get buried with the sediment and adapt to survive millions of years in virtual dormancy?). And Chapelle cannot quite bring himself to adopt the new divisions of Archaea and Bacteria, using the term bacteria to refer to both, in the old style, although he acknowledges the newer thinking.
Unfortunately, in such a small specialty, the existence of an authoritative edition discourages challengers, and we will no doubt wait another or ten years for another geomicrobiology text.
If you are thinking about this book as a reference, rather than a required text, you might look instead at the American Society for Microbiology's Manual of Environmental Microbiology, ed. Hurst, 1997, ASM Press. This is a collection of articles by 90 or so microbiologists that you can probably get used, is 900 p with considerably more breadth and depth than Chapelle, and is a bibliophile's delight. Chapelle has a section in Envir Microbio, which seems to be typo-free.
Envir Microbio also contains, for instance in a section on landfill processes, relatively extensive material on fermentation, which gets about a paragraph in Chapelle's book. Fermentation is very important in groundwater bioremediation, but typically gets short shrift because it is complicated and inefficient, and hard to track because it does not consume electron acceptors, and many of its products (typically acids) do not show up in traditional chemical analyses. Landfill engineers know a lot more about fermentation than geomicrobiologists.
Chapelle is also disappointing in not having stretched this edition to cover the budding discipline of isotopic fractionation in documenting microbial attenuation processes. To be sure, most of the published work using GC IRMS to separate and measure isotope ratios of individual organic compounds post-dates this second edition, but he must have been aware of these developments. He mentions some traditional isotopes to evidence evolution of some systems.

Chapelle's index is also skimpy. No page reference, for instance, for iron reducing bacteria, although he discusses them at some length, mentioning Geobacter chapelleii, named, deservedly, after himself.
But no scientific book goes as far as we would like down our special interests. Science literature is a work in progress, not a bible, and it is silly to expect The Book of Geomicrobiology & Geochemistry. I am not sending my Chapelle back.

An Introduction to Marine Biogeochemistry

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great textbook
Dr. Libes is thorough and easy to understand
Marine Biology Enthusiast

An Introduction to Marine Biogeochemistry
Susan M. Libes
Manufacturer: Wiley
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471509469

Book Description

Focuses on the ocean's role in the global biogeochemical cycling of selected elements and the impact of humans on the transport of these elements. Among the topics covered are the chemical composition of seawater from the perspectives of elemental speciation and the impact of solutes on water's physical behavior; biogeochemical phenomena which control accumulation and preservation of marine sediments; marine chemistry of radioactive and stable isotopes; seawater pollution. Contains many examples as well as steady-state models to aid readers in understanding this relatively young, growing and complex science.

Customer Reviews:

great textbook.......2007-03-10

Another great introductory textbook for Biogeochemical Oceanography. You will get the essential basics of this subject from this book.

Dr. Libes is thorough and easy to understand.......2001-04-26

In this text, Dr. Libes tackles the inter-relationship between all the sciences as they occur in the marine environment. She entertains the most complex concepts with pragmatic efficiency. It is a delight to read and work through, levaing you with a real sense of understanding. Excellent and resourceful, this text is a must for any serious Oceanographer.

Marine Biology Enthusiast.......2000-09-07

This book has not been edited since 1992. New discoveries and concepts introduced since 1992 need to be added and the book should be thoroughly revised.

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Geochemistry of Marine Sediments
David J. Burdige
Manufacturer: Princeton University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 069109506X

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The processes occurring in surface marine sediments have a profound effect on the local and global cycling of many elements. This graduate text presents the fundamentals of marine sediment geochemistry by examining the complex chemical, biological, and physical processes that contribute to the conversion of these sediments to rock, a process known as early diagenesis. Research over the past three decades has uncovered the fact that the oxidation of organic matter deposited in sediment acts as a causative agent for many early diagenetic changes. Summarizing and discussing these findings and providing a much-needed update to Robert Berner's Early Diagenesis: A Theoretical Approach, David J. Burdige describes the ways to quantify geochemical processes in marine sediment. By doing so, he offers a deeper understanding of the cycling of elements such as carbon, nitrogen, and phosphorus, along with important metals such as iron and manganese.

No other book presents such an in-depth look at marine sediment geochemistry. Including the most up-to-date research, a complete survey of the subject, explanatory text, and the most recent mathematical formulations that have contributed to our greater understanding of early diagenesis, Geochemistry of Marine Sediments will interest graduate students of geology, geochemistry, and oceanography, as well as the broader community of earth scientists. It is poised to become the standard text on the subject for years to come.

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Marine Geochemistry
Roy Chester
Manufacturer: Blackwell Publishing Limited
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 1405101725

Book Description

The first edition of Marine Geochemistry received strong critical acclaim, and the reviews included the comments that it 'provides a benchmark in the field' and 'is clearly recognisable as a standard text for years to come'.Marine Geochemistry offers a fully comprehensive and integrated treatment of the chemistry of the oceans, their sediments and biota. It addresses the fundamental question ' How doe the oceans work as a chemical system?' by capitalizing on the significant advances in understanding oceanic processes made over the past three decades. Advances, which have been facilitated by improved sampling and analytical techniques, a better understanding of theoretical concepts and the instigation of large-sized international oceanographic programmes.Designed for use as a text, the book treats the oceans as a 'unified system' in which material stored in the sea water, the sediment and the rock reservoirs interacts to control the composition of sea water itself. Part I covers the transport of material to the oceans via rivers, the atmosphere and hydrothermal systems, and discusses their relative flux magnitudes. Part II considers the oceans as a reservoir, introducing water-column parameters before discussing water-column fluxes and the benthic boundary layer. Part III is devoted to the sediment reservoir. The topics covered include diagenesis, the major components of the sediments, and the processes controlling the geochemistry of oceanic deposit, which are discussed in terms of sediment-forming signals. Part IV offers an overview and synthesis of the integrated marine geochemical system.Since the publication of the first edition, there have been further significant advances in several areas of the subject. The revised text of this edition accommodates these advances, whilst still retaining the emphasis on identifying key processes operating within a 'unified ocean'. Special attention ahs been pad to fundamental conceptual changes, such as those related to trace metal speciation in sea water, hydrothermal activity, carbon dioxide and the importance of the oceans in world climate change, the transport of particulate material to the interior of the ocean, primary production and iron limitation, colloids, and the preservation/destruction of organic matter in marine sediments.Intermediate and advanced students with interests in chemical oceanography, marine geochemistry, marine biology and environmental chemistry will welcome with revised comprehensive text. Other students in the broader field of earth sciences will find it to be an essential reference source dealing with the interaction between the atmosphere, the ocean and the solid earth.

The Oceans and Marine Geochemistry: Treatise on Geochemistry, Volume 6 (Treatise on Geochemistry)

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The Oceans and Marine Geochemistry: Treatise on Geochemistry, Volume 6 (Treatise on Geochemistry)

Manufacturer: Pergamon
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0080451012

Book Description

The oceans are vitally important to an understanding of how the Earth works as an integrated system because its chemical composition records transfer of elements through the Earths geochemical reservoirs as well as defining how physical, biological and chemical processes combine to influence issues as diverse as climate change and the capacity of the oceans to remove toxic metals. Much modern marine geochemistry aims to link and integrate studies of the modern oceans with work using proxies to define how ocean chemistry and the ocean/atmospheric system has changed through time on a number of different timescales. Special focus in such work is the carbon cycle and its link to changes in greenhouse gases in the atmosphere. Volume 6 covers all the important topics needed for such an integrated approach, ranging from the contemporary ocean composition, transport processes in the ocean, paleoclimatology and paleo-oceanography from marine deposits, to the evolution of seawater composition.

Manganese Mineralization: Geochemistry And Mineralogy of Terrestrial And Marine Deposits (Geological Society Special Publication)

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Manganese Mineralization: Geochemistry And Mineralogy of Terrestrial And Marine Deposits (Geological Society Special Publication)
K. Nicholson
Manufacturer: Geological Society of London
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 1897799748

Book Description

Manganese mineralization is diverse in occurrence, origin, mineralogy and geochemistry. These variations reflect differences in the processes of formation and depositional environments, which in turn are a response to changes in the land - ocean - atmosphere system over geological time. As such, manganese deposits can act as markers of major events in the dynamic evolution of the Earth's surface. Modern manganese accumulations provide insights into key factors controlling manganese deposition that cannot readily be determined from examination of ancient ores. A knowledge of oceanic currents, ocean chemistry or small-scale variation in physicochemcal patterns of recent basins, for example, may extend our understanding of depositional processes in the past. Equally, the study of Precambrian deposits not only elucidates ancient mechanisms of manganese metallogenesis, but also helps to unravel the impact of comprehensive environmental changes on metal deposition on a scale not realised in younger geological times. The volume includes a review of the range of terrestrial Mn deposits and their relative abundance through geological time. This is followed by six papers on Precambrian deposits that cover the manner in which Mn mineralization reflects changes in planetary and environmentalchemistry. Ten papers on Cenozoic deposits show the wide diversity of genetic types of the younger deposits, from nodules, crusts and stratabound layers, todeposits precipitated from hydrothermal fluids. Five papers in the last section consider the geochemistry and mineralogy of Mn deposits. Experimental and modelling approaches to Mn geochemistry and mineralogy can further aid our understanding of the formational and depositional processes involved and thereby ourinterpretation of deposit metallogenesis.

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Organic Matter

Manufacturer: Columbia University Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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-- SciTech Book News

Sediments from the world's ocean floors and other water body basins hold a wealth of information about organic life as we know it. Organic Matter: Productivity, Accumulation, and Preservation in Recent and Ancient Sediments addresses focusing on the production, accumulation, and preservation of organic matter in marine and lacustrine sediments. Contributors to this important monograph cover a range of geologic ages from recent times back to the Permian Era, as well as temperature and organic matter types.

This resource book will be of interest and benefit to petroleum explorationists and researchers, as well as oceanographers, marine and environmental scientists, sedimentologists, geochemists and paleontologists.

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Marine Geochemistry

Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Geochemistry of Marine Sediments

ASIN: 3540321438

Book Description

Since 1980 a considerable amount of scientific research dealing with geochemical processes in marine sediments has been carried out. This textbook summarizes the state of the art in this field of research. The topics comprise the examination of sedimentological and physical properties of the sedimentary solid phase, of pore water and pore water constituents, organic matter as the driving force of most microbiological processes, biotic and abiotic redox reactions, carbonates and stable isotopes as proxies for paleoclimate reconstruction, metal enrichments in ferromanganese nodules and crusts as well as in hot vents and cold seeps on the seafloor. A new chapter describes properties, occurrence and formation of gas hydrates in marine sediments. The textbook ends with a chapter on model conceptions and computer models to quantify processes of early diagenesis.

Processes of Oceanic Sedimentation: Lithology and Geochemistry

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Processes of Oceanic Sedimentation: Lithology and Geochemistry
Aleksandr Petrovich Lisitsyn
Manufacturer: Amer Geophysical Union
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Accumulation of Organic Carbon in Marine Sediments (Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences)

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Accumulation of Organic Carbon in Marine Sediments (Lecture Notes in Earth Sciences)
R. Stein
Manufacturer: Springer-Verlag Berlin and Heidelberg GmbH & Co. K
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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