Sol-Gel Science: The Physics and Chemistry of Sol-Gel Processing

Book Description

Sol-Gel Science presents the physical and chemical principles of the sol-gel process at a level suitable for graduate students and practitioners in the field. This book defines sol-gel rather broadly as the preparation of ceramic materials by preparation of a sol, gelation of the sol, and removal of the solvent. The sol may be produced from inorganic or organic precursors (e.g., nitrates or alkoxides) and may consist of dense oxide particles of polymeric clusters. Brinker expands the definition of ceramics to include organically modified materials, often called ORMOSILs or CERAMERs. The emphasis of the author' treatment is on the science, rather than the technology, of sol-gel processing. Although a chapter on applications is included, more detailed discussion is available in proceedings of conferences and in the recent collection of articles, Sol-Gel Technology for thin films, Fibers, Preforms, Electronics, and Specialty Shapes (Noyes, Park Ridge, N.J., 1988), edited by professor Lisa Klein.

Customer Reviews:

A Compendium of Knowledge about Sol Gel Science.......2000-10-11

Perhaps it's trite to say this, but Brinker and Scherer's _Sol Gel Science_ is *the* indispensible desktop reference for the sol-gel chemist. Though now over a decade old, the topics covered (only a smattering of which are mentioned in the editorial review above) are so fundamental that it remains one of the most often cited sol-gel references, both in texts and refereed journal articles. The layout of the book takes the reader through the entire sol-gel formation process, from reaction to casting to drying, curing and other post-modificiations, with a chapter devoted to each step - permitting this book either to be read cover-to-cover (for the interested newcomer or as a text for a course in sol-gel science) or to be referenced as necessary by the more familiar reader.

C. Jeffrey Brinker, now affiliated with Sandia National Laboratories as well as the University of New Mexico, remains the preeminent researcher and one of the most-often cited authors in his field, continuing research on self-assembled nanostructures, porosity-tailored materials, organic-inorganic hybrids, and related topics.

George W. Scherer, professor in the Civil and Environmental Engineering Department of Princeton University, also maintains a professional involvement in sol-derived gels, glasses, and ceramics, among other areas of interest, and is the author of several patents, as well as innumerable scientific papers, in these fields.

Though more-recent texts may be more up-to-date in terms of research cited, especially areas pertinent to nanotechnology, this book's position as a compendium of knowledge in the field of sol-gel science has not diminished with age and is highly reccomended.

Average customer rating:

Making Natural Liquid Soaps: Herbal Shower Gels is a good reference book

Rip-off

Beautiful photos, a bit confusing

Interesting, but not practical

I expected more from this book.

Making Natural Liquid Soaps: Herbal Shower Gels / Conditioning Shampoos / Moisturizing Hand Soaps
Catherine Failor
Manufacturer: Storey Publishing, LLC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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Making Aromatherapy Creams and Lotions: 101 Natural Formulas to Revitalize & Nourish Your Skin

Soapmaker's Companion: A Comprehensive Guide with Recipes, Techniques & Know-How (Natural Body Series - The Natural Way to Enhance Your Life)

The Natural Soap Book: Making Herbal and Vegetable-Based Soaps

Making Transparent Soap: The Art of Crafting, Molding, Scenting & Coloring

Soapmaking for Fun & Profit: Make Money Doing What You Love! (For Fun & Profit)

Accessories:

Airborne Effervescent Health Formula, Original Orange, 10 Tablets (Pack of 3)

RESPeRATE Blood Pressure Lowering Device

philosophy hope in a jar daily moisturizer

ASIN: 1580172431

Book Description

Using a simple double-boiler technique, readers will make elegant and

soothing liquid soaps. Dozens of recipes using oils, herbs, and other natural ingredients to create hand soaps, shower gels, bubble baths, conditioning shampoos ó even baby and pet shampoos.

Customer Reviews:

Making Natural Liquid Soaps: Herbal Shower Gels is a good reference book.......2007-05-14

This book not only explains the mechanics of how to make the soap but it also explains the chemistry in practical ways. This enables me to make up my own recopies to the amount I desire with the proper balance of lye to different kind of oils. It also has starter recipes for the beginners. In short, I think this book is great for the beginner and one who wants to begin to be more creative in their soap making.

Rip-off.......2005-09-25

This book is a rip-off. If you want simple, easy recipes to follow, don't buy this book. This book gives a lot of useless information and is poorly written.

Beautiful photos, a bit confusing.......2005-04-20

I read this book countless times trying to absorb the processes before I began. I was a bit intimidated, but was that way with CP soaping as well, so knew it was all about "diving in". I've tried two batches of the alcohol method and they were extremely thin. After boiling the soap down for a whole day it got thick, but then crystals started appearing the next day. I probably put too much borax in, but don't really know since I messed so much with the recipe trying to first melt the soap completely (it says if doesn't dissolve it's too concentrated) then thickening it up (then it was like water). Just made my second batch and it's sitting there, thin as can be at 40% soap, with the maximum recommended Borax. I hope to write a better review with a successful batch.

Interesting, but not practical.......2005-03-23

After making cold process soap for several several years, and working in product development for a major soap company, I must say that this book is interesting, but not very practical and certainly confusing. I suppose I need more science to really understand this process. I found the soap to be very drying, with a "fat" smell that was really hard to cover. Also, the shelf life was not very long.

I expected more from this book........2003-08-31

I was a bit disappointed with this book. Given the author's years of experience with making liquid soaps, I expected something "great", sort of along the lines of Susan Miller Cavitch's The Natural Soap Book and it's sequel The Soapmaker's Companion, as those who make cold-processed soap will attest. First of all, I found the author's explanation of the use of the pH indicator (phenolphthalein) hard to follow: a color change from red to pink indicates that the soap mixture has been neutralized but the pH is still around 8 or 9 (Hmmmm!). The author also has a definite bias for clear liquid soaps that is reflected in the recipes that are included throughout the book and influences the scope of her writing. I would have preferred a more objective approach to liquid soapmaking that left the final say about the qualities of the liquid soap to the reader/soapmaker.

Size Exclusion Chromatography (Springer Laboratory)

Average customer rating:

Good book, but highly OVERPRICED

Size Exclusion Chromatography (Springer Laboratory)
Sadao Mori , and Howard G. Barth
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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Handbook of Size Exclusion Chromatography and Related Techniques, Second Edition (Chromatographic Science)

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ASIN: 3540656359

Book Description

Although size exclusion chromatography (SEC) is perhaps the most popular and widely used technique for determining the molecular weight distribution of polymeric materials, there have been very few texts written on this topic. During the past decade, SEC has experienced a considerable amount of growth in regard to column and detector technology and new applications. With these advances, SEC can now be used for determining absolute molecular weight, polymer chain conformation and size, and branching, as well as polymer solution properties. This book introduces the reader to the fundamentals of SEC with emphasis on practical aspects of the technique, such as column and mobile selection, calibration, new detector capabilities and guidelines for performing SEC on most types of polymers, especially those of industrial importance. This book is intended for either those new to the field of SEC, or for those research workers who require a more comprehensive background.

Customer Reviews:

Good book, but highly OVERPRICED.......2001-08-30

This book introduces the fundamental concepts of Size Exclusion Chromatography with emphasis in the practical aspects, without going into many details, or mathematics, but gives the necessary information. It is very readable and it is not intended to the specialist in SEC, but for people who use it, especially in polymer analysis.
On the downside, it is very, very, very overpriced.

Average customer rating:

"ENTROPY IS TIMES ARROW," he says.
Speaking as a current PhD candidate in biophysics...
A book that will change your whole outlook on cells and biology.
Changed My View of Science
A Must Read

Cells, Gels and the Engines of Life
Gerald H. Pollack
Manufacturer: Ebner and Sons Publishers
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0962689521

Book Description

This book describes how cells work. It challenges the current wisdom of cell function, and presents a new, simpler approach to fundamental processes such as movement, transport, division, and communication, based on sound physical principles. The book is profusely illustrated with many color figures. It is written for the non-expert in an accessible, often humorous style.

Customer Reviews:

"ENTROPY IS TIMES ARROW," he says........2006-08-23

Stars are only for creativity. For example, he adds, "the cell is very much an entropy machine." (P. 265) A more attractive title to this book would have been LIVING WATER. Pollack scares half his readers away with the CELLS & GELS stuff. I also have no idea why the reader would plug through 14 chapters of gook to get to the last two which actually frame his thesis. Chapters 15 & 16 should have opened the book.

Not many readers outside the field of biochemistry knew that the tap water one drinks has little in common with the gallons of water residing within the human cell. I don't think very many readers are interested in the semantics of whether this "structured water" is or is not called a Gel. Evidently Pollack considered that to be the most important subject in the book.

What is creative and interesting in his theory is how ingested water reacts with cell proteins. The way the Author puts it, "structured water" become the dominoes that are orderly set up so that they can be toppled. The disorder that results performs the work the cell needs to get done. "Order, the very hallmark of the living state, is in fact a cloaked mechanism for the storage of potential energy." (P. 253) But as mentioned above, the contorted twists, turns and science jargon he goes through to get to the ending is simply amazing. Diagramming in nanospace is a waste of time.

He very audaciously gave his account of the origins of life going back 4 billion years. There Pollack makes the case that water was the environment in which life formed. This symbiosis between water and proteins is why we are here. But he should have remembered Socrates line, "The only true wisdom is knowing you know nothing." Had he, then he wouldn't have skipped over protein folding with barely a historical mention. He might have realized that however water behaves in a cell it sometimes occurs in picoseconds, a time scale he didn't even bother to mention. There is, of course a much bigger picture than this book sketches out.

Speaking as a current PhD candidate in biophysics..........2006-04-05

This book is funny as hell. Honestly.

Any author who publishes their own book over material they apparently know very little about, and gets other people not only to buy it--but to believe it...wow, just wow.

The author completely ignores about 20-30 years of molecular biology. For any student out there--please be wary--reading this during a cell biology course is suicide. You will be very confused. Of course, confused people tend to confuse the people who are willing to listen to them.

This book does bring up relatively forgotten history, which is an interesting point.

Read this book if you would like to have a few chuckles. The man largely ignores physics of the cell, diffusion, Bioenergetics, cellular differentiation, etc... in order to argue a point.

A large part of his book is over how cells are more like gels...this is not an issue that is in dispute except in the author's head. The fact that cell's don't freeze at zero celsius makes this obvious. However, the author acts as if this is not accepted dogma...weird? I thought so, too.

No reasonable publisher would have published this...hence, he published it himself. Sad and laughable, yes?

I would give this a negative score if possible because he is polluting young minds with nonsense.

However, after reading it, I believe that it is a decent attempt at humor. Because the whole book is a joke.

A book that will change your whole outlook on cells and biology........2006-03-18

This book is thought provoking and allows non-science majors to engage in the controversial theory that cells are like gels.

Changed My View of Science.......2004-03-16

During my senior year of bioengineering at ASU, one of my instructors recommended that I read this book. I went on Amazon and purchased a copy. Tragically, I let it sit on my shelf for almost six months without reading it. About a year ago, I picked it up and read it, expecting it to be a labor-intensive read. It was not. Instead, in very simple terms and using simple yet convincing examples, Pollack managed to challenge everything I ever learned in school in two days (It only took two days because I found myself reading this book every chance I got; I coult not put it down).

Challenging even many of the basic tenets of cellular biology-- from even the existance of selective ion channels in the fluid mosaic model of the cell wall to blowing the lid off of what every student is taught in school about the way muscle cells contract--Pollack writes a book that has been and will continue to be challenging, because it challenges the premises of the life-long work of many scientists.

While I'm sure that some of his critiques of the beliefs of the faith of cellular biology today will prove to be wrong, Pollack is not afraid of the challenge or the community backlash against him. I applaud the work. I recommend it as required reading for just about everybody: the writing style makes it accessible for even high school students, but it is not too plebian to challenge even a professor or researcher in the area.
-Jacob

A Must Read.......2003-12-02

Pollack's book is extremely insightful, although sometimes controversial. It looks at cell biology from a unique viewpoint. After reading this book, I have re-evaluated many established concepts in cell biology with new understanding and perspective. This is a must read for any serious student or researcher in the field of cell biology. I highly recommend this book.

Average customer rating:

Gel Candles: 40 Creative Projects
Great and Easy To Follow
Author Corrects Oct. 27 Review
This book is DANGEROUS!
Some tips are great, others did not work

Gel Candles: 40 Creative Projects
C. Kalia Westerman
Manufacturer: Storey Publishing, LLC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 158017390X

Book Description

Candle gel is the hottest new product in candle crafting. This new product (95% mineral oil, 5% resin) is transparent, is extremely easy to clean up, and has a significantly longer burning time than traditional waxes. Author Kaila Westerman gives the basics of gel candle crafting in ten easy steps, then explores the endless possibilities for creating special effects with layers of color, swirls, bubbles, specialty molds, and embedments such as glass, botanicals, shells, stones, and pieces of solid paraffin candle wax. Readers can create candles that look like rainbows, aquariums, seascapes, playful sodas and other drinks, and more. Since gel candles cannot stand alone, each design is enhanced by wonderful whimsical, vintage, or even sophisticated containers.

Customer Reviews:

Gel Candles: 40 Creative Projects.......2007-05-17

Great book, gives alot of information. A must have if you enjoy making candles.

Great and Easy To Follow.......2006-11-11

I love the pictures and the easy to follow projects, I recommend this book if you would like to make your own gel candles.

Author Corrects Oct. 27 Review.......2004-04-22

I am the author of this book. I am compelled to respond to the negative review written October 27.

Of course the reviewer has a right to her opinion, however it is incorrect that I recommend people "set an untabbed wick in gel". In my introduction, on page 4, I state "The wick must be self-tabbed with a metal holder". In my general discussion of materials required, on page 21, I state "the wick must have a metal T-Tab at its base which is at least 7/16" high". Finally, in my detailed discussion of wicks on page 22, I explain at great length why a tabbed wick is so essential (it would be a fire hazard to not use one).

I do not believe that the reviewer has read my book very carefully because her statement about wicks, as well as her other statements, do not reflect the content of the book.

Thanks for taking the time to read this statement.

Sincerely,

Kaila Westerman

This book is DANGEROUS!.......2003-10-28

As an experienced gel candlemaker I'm appalled at the dangerous projects this book showcases! Never, I repeat NEVER seat an untabbed wick in gel. HELLO - it's a fire hazard! Speaking of fire hazards, please don't embed many of the items recommended - just because it's "not near" the wick doesn't mean it can't catch fire.

The book also gives instructions on cooking your own gel with mineral oil and resin which is a direction violation of Federal Trademark law.

This book is a disgrace to candlemaking. I'm embarrassed. This inexperienced candlemaker/author did NO significant research before publishing this rubbish. Inexperienced gellers are being ripped off simply trying to learn gelling. Don't waste your hard earned cash here.

Some tips are great, others did not work.......2002-03-01

I loved this book since I saw it with those wonderful pictures and detailed instructions. I particularly liked the floating candle project and since I make my own gel, I made the 9% self standing gel candle according to instructions. The gel worked great, floated well but the candle did not light at all!!!!! I was making these candles for a wedding party and there was no way to light those candles. I changed the wick for a different thickness and nothing worked until I tried again the 5% gel. It burned OK! The candles float well only they are not as stiff as with the other gel.

Solvent Gels for the Cleaning of Works of Art: The Residue Question (Research in Conservation)

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Solvent Gels for the Cleaning of Works of Art: The Residue Question (Research in Conservation)
Dusan Stulik , David Miller , Herant Khanjian , Narayan Khandekar , Richard Wolbers , Janice Carlson , and W. Christian Petersen
Manufacturer: Getty Trust Publications: Getty Conservation Institute
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0892367598

Book Description

The cleaning of a work of art often involves removing not only dirt and grime but also unwanted layers of varnish, gilding, and paint from the work's surface. The challenge for conservators lies in finding a cleaning agent that will act on one layer without affecting the layer being preserved
and without leaving any harmful residues on the cleaned work. This book, which examines gel cleaning in the treatment of paintings and painted works of art, presents the methodologies, data, and results of a collaborative project of the Getty Conservation Institute and Winterthur Museum.
Among the issues covered are the theory and application of gel cleaning systems, the detection of residues left on the surfaces of objects cleaned with these systems, research into solvent-gel and solvent residues, stability of surfactants during natural and artificial aging, and recommendations for
formulating gels for specific cleaning tasks.

Sol-Gel Materials: Chemistry and Applications (Advanced Chemistry Texts)

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Sol-Gel Materials: Chemistry and Applications (Advanced Chemistry Texts)
John D. Wright , and Nico A.J.M. Sommerdijk
Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 9056993267

Book Description

Sol-Gel processing methods, first used historically for decorative and constructional materials, were extensively developed in the last century for applications such as glasses, ceramics, catalysts, coatings, composites and fibres. Today they are reaching their full potential, enabling the preparation of new generations of advanced materials not easily accessible by other methods yet using mild, low-energy conditions. The topic is therefore increasingly included in advanced undergraduate, MSc and PhD programmes in the areas of chemistry, physics and materials science. This concise introductory text, written at the advanced undergraduate/first-year postgraduate level, is also suitable as an introduction to the development, mechanisms, chemistry, characterisation methods and applications of the technique. It provides readers with an extensive yet concise grounding in the theory of each area of the subject and details the real and potential applications and the future prospects of sol-gel chemistry.

Average customer rating:

New gel ideas

The Ultimate Gel Candle Book
Marcianne Miller
Manufacturer: Lark Books
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 1579903576

Book Description

New gel candlemakers get a friendly greeting to the craft with plenty of basic projects and helpful tips on technique; as they gain more experience, more detailed and exquisite items await their imaginative touch. Add glitter, insets, fragrance, and layers of color—even vertical ones. Among the awe-inspiring projects: a polymer clay spider “weaving” its web in stylish clear gel; a patriotic Stars & Stripes design; and even a Gumball Machine candle.

Customer Reviews:

New gel ideas.......2003-08-05

I gave this book a five stars because of the idea/pics included. It starts out talking about safety,tools needed, and working with gel. It address containers,bubbles,coloring/ fragrances,adding glitter,nesting the candle in a water/flower arrangement,using embeds( wax,clay,glass,agates,beads,wire,sea glass,pins), selecting wicks,making cameos for embeds(very original),using gold leaf inside candles,silhouette candles,color swirling,and gel floating candles.

There are ideas about: sand/treasure candle,neat spider web candle,using flower pot holders,amethyst stone look,using vases in another vase,HOW TO MAKE YOUR OWN GUMBALL MACHINE CANDLE(very original at very low cost),vertical striped or diagonal candles, desert candles,pizza candle,tuxedo candle,glass painted/clear candle, bamboo candle,and bonsai(handmade)in a candle. Even shows candle ideas for men!

Book Description

This new edition of Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins is a completely new text, with eight of the ten chapters written by new authors. It presents the best methods, hints and tips for core procedures such as one- dimensional polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, isoelectric focusing, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis, preparative gel electrophoresis, and peptide mapping, complete with the latest refinements and updates of the procedures. In addition, it describes major new techniques which have come to the fore since the previous edition. Thus there are chapters on capillary gel electrophoresis, sequence analysis of gel-resolved proteins, fluorophore-labelled saccharide electrophoresis, and analysis of protein:protein interactions by gel electrophoresis. One thing has not changed. The emphasis is still on describing the best methods, in step-by-step detail, with copious advice to ensure that each method works first time in the reader's hands. The first two editions of Gel Electrophoresis of Proteins: A Practical Approach each gained a strong reputation as easy-to-follow laboratory manuals written by experienced researchers for researchers. The methods were presented in a clear accessible format and had been fully tested to ensure success in the lab. This new edition will strengthen the reputation of the book still further. It is a 'must have' for all those who currently use gel electrophoresis or who plan to do so.

Customer Reviews:

a great resource book.......2000-06-26

Although there has been many books on gel electophroresis, this book seems to stand out the most. Being a novice in this field, I greatly appreciated Hames' and Rickwoods' practical procedures and methods. I srtongly recommend this book to all scientists and upcoming scientists.

Introduction to Sol--Gel Processing (The International Series in Sol-Gel Processing: Technology & Applications)

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Introduction to Sol--Gel Processing (The International Series in Sol-Gel Processing: Technology & Applications)
Alain C. Pierre
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0792381211

Book Description

Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing introduces undergraduate and graduate students to the field of colloids applied to materials processing, better known as sol-gel processing. It is written for Engineering or Science students in the fields of Chemical Engineering, Materials Processing, Ceramics Engineering, Colloid Science and Mineral Chemistry.
Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing does not intend to be exhaustive on the research done in this field. However the most important facts about the most recent developments, including mixed organic-inorganic sol-gels known as hybrid materials and the use of surfactants and micelles, are addressed. More precisely, the book focuses on gathering the main theories related to sol-gel processing in a comprehensive manner, so as to provide the most important scientific basis to students.
Introduction to Sol-Gel Processing is organized in such a way that each chapter corresponds to one of the main steps in a chronological order of application of sol-gel techniques to the synthesis of materials. The book first presents elementary solvent chemistry, in particular the partial charge model theory. Next, theories on the nucleation and growth of particles and on the steric or electrostatic stabilization (also known as D.L.V.O. theory) of colloidal suspensions, are gathered in a chapter on colloidal particles. Another chapter is devoted to the theories on gelation. Gels, their structure and properties at large such as their swelling, shrinkage or drying behavior, also constitute an important chapter. After drying, gels become almost traditional ceramic materials and they are often submitted to thermal treatments during which they can phase-transform and sinter. Two chapters offer an opportunity to gather the main theories related to these two fields. Finally, the main applications are reviewed according to the domains of application, particularly for coatings, filtering membranes, and catalysts.

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