Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Source Processes and Explosion Yield Estimation (Pageoph Topical Volumes)

Book Description

In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center, and onsite inspections, to verify compliance. The problem of identifying small-magnitude banned nuclear tests and discriminating between such tests and the background of earthquakes and mining-related seismic events, is a challenging research problem. Because they emphasize CTBT verification research, the 12 papers in this special volume primarily addresses regional data recorded by a variety of arrays, broadband stations, and temporarily deployed stations. Nuclear explosions, earthquakes, mining-related explosions, mine collapses, single-charge and ripple-fired chemical explosions from Europe, Asia, North Africa, and North America are all studied. While the primary emphasis is on short-period, body-wave discriminants and associated source and path corrections, research that focuses on long-period data recorded at regional and teleseismic distances is also presented Hence, these papers demonstrate how event identification research in support of CTBT monitoring has expanded in recent years to include a wide variety of event types, data types, geographic regions and statistical techniques.

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Surface Waves

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty: Surface Waves

Manufacturer: Birkhauser
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Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 376436551X

Book Description

On September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections to verify compliance. Seismic methods play the lead role in monitoring the CTBT. This volume concentrates on the measurement and use of surface waves in monitoring the CTBT. Surface waves have three principal applications in CTBT monitoring: to help discriminate nuclear explosions from other sources of seismic energy, to provide mathematical characterizations of the seismic energy that emanates from seismic sources, and to be used as data in inversion for the seismic velocity structure of the crust and uppermost mantle for locating small seismic events regionally. The papers in this volume fall into two general categories: the development and/or application of methods to summarize information in surface waves, and the use of these summaries to advance the art of surface-wave identification, measurement, and source characterization. These papers cut across essentially all of the major applications of surface waves to monitoring the CTBT. This volume therefore provides a general introduction to the state of research in this area and should be useful as a guide for further exploration.

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty

Manufacturer: Birkhauser
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Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 376436534X

Book Description

In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. This volume contains research papers focusing on seismic ecent location in the CTBT context. The on-site inspection protocol of the treaty specifies a search area not to exceed 1000 square km. Much of the current research effort is therefore directed towards refining the accuracy of event location by including allowances for three-dimensional structure within the Earth. The aim is that the true location of each event will lie within the specified source zone regarding postulated location. The papers in this volume cover many aspects of seismic event location, including the development of algorithms suitable for use with three-dimensional models, allowances for regional structure, use of calibration events and source-specific station corrections. They provide a broad overview of the current international effort to improve seismic event location accuracy, and the editors hope that it will stimulate increased interest and further advances in this important field.

Monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (NATO Science Series E:)

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Monitoring a Comprehensive Test Ban Treaty (NATO Science Series E:)

Manufacturer: Springer
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Binding: Hardcover

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Book Description

An international treaty banning the testing of any nuclear device in any environment - a comprehensive test ban treaty (CTBT) - has been on the political agenda for nearly 40 years. Objections to a CTBT have been political, technical, or a combination of both. However, the possibilities seem better after the end of the Cold War. In the prevailing, cooperative disarmament climate a CTBT appears likely to be approved by most countries in 1996. Hence the great current interest in monitoring technologies and capabilities.
Such issues are comprehensively addressed here, a preamble being devoted to the political developments and setbacks over the past 40 years. Since seismic means are considered the dominant monitoring element, they are explored in detail. Contributions cover network deployments, advanced signal processing, wave propagation in heterogeneous media, and seismic source representations, and a variety of techniques for source classification (including neural networks). Complementary monitoring techniques, such as hydroacoustics, radionuclides and infrasound, are also summarised. The IAEA operation for monitoring compliance with the Non-Proliferation Treaty is also presented.
The book also includes eyewitness accounts of the Soviet 50 Mt megabomb development and test, as well as the efforts made by the state to monitor the nuclear test programmes of the western powers. Includes some 33 articles written by distinguished scientists active in CTBT monitoring research for decades.

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Regional Wave Propagation and Crystal Structure

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Regional Wave Propagation and Crystal Structure

Manufacturer: Birkhauser
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ASIN: 3764365501

Book Description

On September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data center (IDC), and on-site inspections to verify compliance. Successful monitoring of a CTBT requires that we detect and identify all nuclear explosions. Since many events of concern will be too small to be detected teleseismically, this capability requires the use of regional-distance seismograms. The complexity of regional seismograms presents many technical challenges for a monitoring program. This issue focuses on problems associated with regional wave propagation through complex media. It includes papers that investigate regional variations of elastic and anelastic properties of Eurasia, the blockage of regional phases by sedimentary basins, methods for modeling regional wave propagation and for calibrating seismic wave paths in order to extract amplitude variations and source parameters. These papers illustrate the research and development necessary for acquiring an understanding of regional wave propagation which in turn provides the foundation for operational tools used to monitor a CTBT.

Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty: Hydroacoustics (Pageoph Topical Volumes)

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Monitoring the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty: Hydroacoustics (Pageoph Topical Volumes)

Manufacturer: Birkhäuser Basel
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Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 3764365382

Book Description

In September 1996, the United Nations General Assembly adopted the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban Treaty (CTBT), prohibiting nuclear explosions worldwide, in all environments. The treaty calls for a global verification system, including a network of 321 monitoring stations distributed around the globe, a data communications network, an international data centre (IDC), and on-site inspections, to verify compliance. A global hydroacoustic monitoring system is being planned and implemented for verification of the CTBT. Much of the research conducted over the past several decades on acoustic surveillance of the oceans, formerly driven by the need to detect and track submarines, is now being applied to the development of effective monitoring methods to verify compliance with the CTBT. The aim of this volume on Hydroacoustic Monitoring of the CTBT is to summarize the research being conducted in this field and to provide basic references for future research. Much of the new research emphasizes major advances in understanding the coupling of ocean acoustic waves with elastic waves in the solid Earth. Topics covered include source excitation, detection and classification of events generating hydroacoustic signals, discrimination between underwater explosions and naturally occurring events, as well as topics in coupling of acoustic to seismic wavefields.

Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring

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Research Required to Support Comprehensive Nuclear Test Ban Treaty Monitoring
Panel on Basic Research Requirements in Support of Comprehensive Test
Manufacturer: National Academy Press
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Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0309058260

Automated radioxenon monitoring for the comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty in two distinctive locations: Ottawa and Tahiti [An article from: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity]

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Automated radioxenon monitoring for the comprehensive nuclear-test-ban treaty in two distinctive locations: Ottawa and Tahiti [An article from: Journal of Environmental Radioactivity]
T.J. Stocki , X. Blanchard , R. D'Amours , and R.K Ungar
Manufacturer: Elsevier
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Digital

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ASIN: B000RR3TCM

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This digital document is a journal article from Journal of Environmental Radioactivity, published by Elsevier in 2005. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Media Library immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Description:
In preparation for verification of the Comprehensive Nuclear-Test-Ban-Treaty, automated radioxenon monitoring is performed in two distinctive environments: Ottawa and Tahiti. These sites are monitored with SPALAX (Systeme de Prelevement d'air Automatique en Ligne avec l'Analyse des radioXenons) technology, which automatically extracts radioxenon from the atmosphere and measures the activity concentrations of ^1^3^1^m^,^1^3^3^m^,^1^3^3^,^1^3^5Xe. The resulting isotopic concentrations can be useful to discern nuclear explosions from nuclear industry xenon emissions. Ambient radon background, which may adversely impact analyser sensitivity, is discussed. Upper concentration limits are reported for the apparently radioxenon free Tahiti environment. Ottawa has a complex radioxenon background due to proximity to nuclear reactors and medical isotope facilities. Meteorological models suggest that, depending on the wind direction, the radioxenon detected in Ottawa can be characteristic of the normal radioxenon background in the Eastern United States, Europe, and Japan or distinctive due to medical isotope production.

Cheaters beware: some argue that a nuclear test ban is not verifiable. Meanwhile the test ban treaty's monitoring system of 321 stations, now well on the ... from: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists

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Cheaters beware: some argue that a nuclear test ban is not verifiable. Meanwhile the test ban treaty's monitoring system of 321 stations, now well on the ... from: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists
Ola Dahlman , Jenifer Mackby , Svein Mykkeltveit , and Hein Haak
Manufacturer: Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Digital

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This digital document is an article from Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists, published by Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc. on January 1, 2002. The length of the article is 3900 words. The page length shown above is based on a typical 300-word page. The article is delivered in HTML format and is available in your Amazon.com Digital Locker immediately after purchase. You can view it with any web browser.

Citation Details
Title: Cheaters beware: some argue that a nuclear test ban is not verifiable. Meanwhile the test ban treaty's monitoring system of 321 stations, now well on the way to completion, is looking good.
Author: Ola Dahlman
Publication: Bulletin of the Atomic Scientists (Refereed)
Date: January 1, 2002
Publisher: Educational Foundation for Nuclear Science, Inc.
Volume: 58 Issue: 1 Page: 28(8)

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