Random Heterogeneous Materials

Book Description

The overall aim of this book is to provide a rigorous means to characterize the microstructure and properties of heterogeneous materials that can simultaneously yield results of practical utility. A unified treatment of both microstructure and properties is emphasized. The book is divided into two parts. Part I deals with the quantitative characterization of the microstructure of heterogeneous via theoretical, computer-simulation and imaging techniques. Emphasis is placed on theoretical methods. Part II treats a wide variety of effective properties of heterogeneous materials and how they are linked to the microstructure. This is accomplished using rigorous methods. Wherever possible, theoretical predictions for the effective properties are compared to available, experimental and computer-simulation data. This book will be of interest to graduate students and researchers in applied mathematics, physics, chemistry, materials science and engineering.

Customer Reviews:

Fundamental book discovering new horizons in micromechanics.......2001-12-30

The micromechanics of random structure heterogeneous materials is a multidisciplinary research area that has experienced a revolutionary renascence at the overlap of various branches of materials science, mechanical engineering, applied mathematics, technical physics, geophysics, and biology. The present book is a perfect reflection of this overlapping. It demonstrats intriguing successes of unified rigorous theoretical methods of applied mathematics and statistical physics in material science of microheterogeneous media. The prediction of the behavior of heterogeneous materials by the use of properties of constituents and their microstructure is a central problem of micromechanics. This book is the first one in micromechanics where a successful effort of systematic and fundamental research of the microstructure of the wide class of heterogeneous materials of natural and synthetic nature is attempted. The uniqueness of the book by Torquato consists of the development and expressive representation of statistical methods quantitatively describing random structures (first part of the book) which are at most adopted for the forthcoming evaluation of a wide variety of macroscopic transport, electromagnetic, elastic, and chemical properties of heterogeneous materials (second part of the book). The popular methods in micromechanics that are essentially one particle ones which are invariant with respect to statistical second and higher order quantities examining the association of one particle relative to other particles. The book by Torquato expressively reflects the explosive character of progress of the modern micromechanics caused by the development of image analyses and computer-simulation methods from one side and improved materials processing from the other hand, since processing controls the prescribed microstructure. This progress in micromechanics is based on the methods of allowing for the statistical mechanics of a multi-particle system considering n-point correlation functions and direct multi-particle interaction of inclusions, and the book presents a universally rigorous scheme of both analyses of the microstructures and prediction of macroscopic properties which leaves room for corrections of their individual elements if improved methods are utilized for the analysis of these individual elements.

This book is a landmark in the area of advanced heterogeneous materials and constitutes an excellent balance of depth and clarity of their representation. Every science library and every individual involved in serious research in heterogeneous materials must have this book which will be interesting for both advanced senior scientists and graduate students.

A modern and comprehensive treatise of material properties.......2001-11-13

I had the opportunity to use this text while taking Prof. Torquato's material science course at Princeton. The classnotes were a condensed version of the book, while the book describes all the concepts in more details. The book presents a unified treatment of the basic equations of continuum mechanics (flow, elasticity, conduction, diffusion) from a statistical mechanical viewpoint (heavy use of probability models is made), in composite materials (for example, a material with 'spherical inclusions' of a different physical electrical conductivity from the surrounding medium are added) characterized by effective properties (conductivity, permeability, stiffness, trapping constant). The effective properties are calculated from first principles via various correlation functions (Section I describes the probability functions required for dealing with random media; Section II deals with actual calculations of effective properties). To my knowledge, it is the first comprehensive book on the subject; other texts deal with smaller subsections. In some cases, these techniques were previously available only in the specialized literature. I found the many examples provided in the text to be very helpful. I also enjoyed the section on variational principles in the second half of the book; it provides further examples of how variational calculus can be applied to solve relevant problems (in this case, dealing with the optimization of material properties). Most of the theorems are proved and the proofs are short and so shouldn't be much of a burden. The chemist should know this is mostly a book on mathematics, and so does not provide numerical examples with numbers and units (however, all one needs to do is plug in numbers in the formulas), and doesn't present too many actual real-life physical examples you are likely to deal with in the laboratory. Prerequisites are simple: a bit of linear algebra, tensor calculus (but only in orthogonal euclidean spaces), familiarity with basics of probability theory (you should know what a probability density is). Knowledge of statistical mechanics is helpful but not required. There is, of course, a section on hard sphere packing for which the author is well-known for. The chapter on homogenization theory is one of the most accessible I've seen (no knowledge of functional analysis is required-- so it is perfect for the beginner). This book does not have exercises or problems for the reader (it is not for the undergraduate student-- but rather for researchers in the cross-disciplinary fields), and so requires a certain degree of maturity to absorb the material.

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Perfect for engineers

Modern Physics for Engineers
Jasprit Singh
Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471330442

Book Description

Linking physics fundamentals to modern technology-a highly applied primer for students and engineers

Reminding us that modern inventions-new materials, information technologies, medical technological breakthroughs-are based on well-established fundamental principles of physics, Jasprit Singh integrates important topics from quantum mechanics, statistical thermodynamics, and materials science, as well as the special theory of relativity. He then goes a step farther and applies these fundamentals to the workings of electronic devices-an essential leap for anyone interested in developing new technologies.

From semiconductors to nuclear magnetic resonance to superconducting materials to global positioning systems, Professor Singh draws on wide-ranging applications to demonstrate each concept under discussion. He downplays extended mathematical derivations in favor of results and their real-world design implication, supplementing the book with nearly 100 solved examples, 120 figures, and 200 end-of-chapter problems.

Modern Physics for Engineers provides engineering and physics students with an accessible, unified introduction to the complex world underlying today's design-oriented curriculums. It is also an extremely useful resource for engineers and applied scientists wishing to take advantage of research opportunities in diverse fields.

Customer Reviews:

Perfect for engineers.......2000-08-22

This book covers topics in modern physics that are the most important for the engineer. It makes an equilibrated use of figures, tables and conceptual diagrams, thus providing a clear guideline for the student. It also provides small but interesting historic introductions in some chapters, that also help to understand why different theories appeared. This could all be done without forgetting the necessary theoretical and mathematical rigorousness. A very good book for engineers.

Statistical Thermodynamics of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Membranes

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The best soft matter introduction
great book, not difficult to read

Statistical Thermodynamics of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Membranes
Samuel Safran , and Samuel A. Safran
Manufacturer: Westview Press
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 0813340799

Book Description

Understanding the structural and thermodynamic properties of surfaces, interfaces, and membranes is important for both fundamental and practical reasons. Important applications include coatings, dispersants, encapsulating agents, and biological materials. Soft materials, important in the development of new materials and the basis of many biological systems, cannot be designed using trial and error methods due to the multiplicity of components and parameters. While these systems can sometimes be analyzed in terms of microscopic mixtures, it is often conceptually simpler to regard them as dispersions and to focus on the properties of the internal interfaces found in these systems. The basic physics centers on the properties of quasi-two-dimensional systems embedded in the three-dimensional world, thus exhibiting phenomena that do not exist in bulk materials. This approach is the basis behind the theoretical presentation of Statistical Thermodynamics of Surfaces, Interfaces, and Membranes. The approach adapted allows one to treat the rich diversity of phenomena investigated in the field of soft matter physics (including both colloid/interface science as well as the materials and macromolecular aspects of biological physics) such as interfacial tension, the roughening transition, wetting, interactions between surfaces, membrane elasticity, and self-assembly. Presented as a set of lecture notes, this book is aimed at physicists, physical chemists, biological physicists, chemical engineers, and materials scientists who are interested in the statistical mechanics that underlie the macroscopic, thermodynamic properties of surfaces, interfaces, and membranes. This paperback edition contains all the material published in the original hard-cover edition as well as additional clarifications and explanations.

Customer Reviews:

The best soft matter introduction.......2002-10-16

This is the first book you should read about the subject. An intuitive introduction to the field by one of its masters.
Then, you may continue to Chaikin & Lubensky for the heavier,
more mathematical formalism. There is no subsequent for this lucid and joyous book.
Just buy it!

great book, not difficult to read.......2000-04-03

The authors explain physical concepts very clearly and complicated mathematical approach is avoided. It is a must-have for soft matter scientists.

Glassy Materials and Disordered Solids: An Introduction to Their Statistical Mechanics

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Glassy Materials and Disordered Solids: An Introduction to Their Statistical Mechanics
Kurt Binder , and Walter Kob
Manufacturer: World Scientific Publishing Company
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 9812565108

Product Description

The physics of glassy materials and disordered solids presents students with an area of study much more challenging than the physics of crystalline solids. Written by two recognized experts in the field, this highly readable book tackles the subject with the student firmly in mind, beginning with a pedagogical introduction to important concepts such as percolation, fractals, spin glasses, and glasses. Making use of these concepts, the authors show that such systems share many common aspects that can be described within the framework of statistical mechanics. The book is also an essential standard text for researchers on amorphous materials, equally accessible for theorists and experimentalists.

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Fluctuations Order & Defects
Gene F. Mazenko , and Gene Mazenko
Manufacturer: Wiley-Interscience
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0471328405

Book Description

Fluctuations, order, and defects determine a material's properties. The difference between water and ice is a matter of order. Many of today's high-tech materials in electronics and chemistry engineer order and defects to maximize desired properties. This second of a four volume set discusses phase transitions in a field theoretic context and shows how these methods can be applied to more complex systems such as liquid crystals and polymers. While building on the previous volume, this volume is self-contained and stands alone as a valuable resource.

* Modern treatment includes coverage of effective hamiltonians.
* Focuses on problems in condensed matter physics.
* Author is well-known and respected for his work in statistical mechanics.

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Thermophysics of Polymers I: Theory
Herbert Baur
Manufacturer: Springer
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 3540650466

Book Description

Herbert Baur provides a simple description of the theory of thermophysics of polymers. In order to illustrate the theoretical skeleton he has only treated the simple, easily comprehensible problems of polymer physics. These, however, in detail. The main points covered are: thermally excited conformation isomery of polymers; phonon gas of ideal polymer crystals; the dissipative thermo-mechanical behavior of polymers, new aspects of viscoelastic behavior, glass transistion, and crystallization.

Computer Simulations of Dislocations (Oxford Series on Materials Modelling)

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Computer Simulations of Dislocations (Oxford Series on Materials Modelling)
Vasily Bulatov , and Wei Cai
Manufacturer: Oxford University Press, USA
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0198526148

Book Description

This book presents a broad collection of models and computational methods - from atomistic to continuum - applied to crystal dislocations. Its purpose is to help students and researchers in computational materials sciences to acquire practical knowledge of relevant simulation methods.
Because their behavior spans multiple length and time scales, crystal dislocations present a common ground for an in-depth discussion of a variety of computational approaches, including their relative strengths, weaknesses and inter-connections. The details of the covered methods are presented in
the form of "numerical recipes" and illustrated by case studies. A suite of simulation codes and data files is made available on the book's website to help the reader "to learn-by-doing" through solving the exercise problems offered in the book.

Micro- and Nanostructured Multiphase Polymer Blend Systems: Phase Morphology and Interfaces

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Micro- and Nanostructured Multiphase Polymer Blend Systems: Phase Morphology and Interfaces

Manufacturer: CRC
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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ASIN: 0849337348

Book Description

Micro- and Nanostructured Multiphase Polymer Blend Systems: Phase Morphology and Interfaces focuses on the formation of phase morphology in polymer blends and copolymers and considers various types of blends including thermosets, thermoplastics, thermoplastic vulcanizates, and structured copolymers. The book carefully debates the processing, rheology, and crystallization aspects of the phase morphology of polymer blends. The text surveys theory, characterization, processing, and experimental aspects of phase morphology development and design of polymer blends. It examines the adhesion of polymer-polymer interfaces in immiscible polymer blends and the different ways by which nanostructures may be generated in thermosetting polymers. The book analyzes the polymerization process and the dynamic vulcanization of multicomponent polymer blends and the crystallization behavior occurring in blends with a confined morphology. It also discusses the structure-rheology relationship in compatibilized blends, the effects of elasticity on the structure development, and the rheological response in concentrated blends. Micro- and Nanostructured Multiphase Polymer Blend Systems examines the current state of the art, challenges, and future prospects in the field of polymer blends. The handpicked selection of topics and expert contributors makes this survey of phase morphology in polymer blends an outstanding resource for anyone involved in the field of polymer materials design.

From Microphysics to Macrophysics: Methods and Applications of Statistical Physics.Volume I (Theoretical and Mathematical Physics)

Average customer rating:

Interesting treatment from an information point of view

From Microphysics to Macrophysics: Methods and Applications of Statistical Physics.Volume I (Theoretical and Mathematical Physics)
Roger Balian
Manufacturer: Springer
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Binding: Paperback

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ASIN: 3540454691

Book Description

This text not only provides a thorough introduction to statistical physics and thermodynamics but also exhibits the universality of the chain of ideas that leads from the laws of microphysics to the macroscopic behaviour of matter. A wide range of applications teaches students how to make use of the concepts, and many exercises will help to deepen their understanding. Drawing on both quantum mechanics and classical physics, the book follows modern research in statistical physics.

Volume I discusses in detail the probabilistic description of quantum or classical systems, the Boltzmann-Gibbs distributions, the conservation laws, and the interpretation of entropy as missing information. Thermodynamics and electromagnetism in matter are dealt with, as well as applications to gases, both dilute and condensed, and to phase transitions.

This softcover edition accomodates the many requests to make this widely used and often cited classical text available again.

Customer Reviews:

Interesting treatment from an information point of view.......2005-08-23

This is one of the earliest comprehensive treatment of Statistical Mechanics (SM) from the perspective of information. The presentation of the foundation of SM here is much clearer and unified compared to the standard understanding, due to the adoption of the maximum entropy principle (and the subjecive interpretation of probability).The issue of entropy and irreversibility also received interesting discussion here.
An earlier book that treats SM in the similar form is Amnon Katz' book "Principles of statistical mechanics ; the information theory approach".

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Statistical Physics of Materials
L.A. Girifalco
Manufacturer: John Wiley & Sons Inc
ProductGroup: Book
Binding: Hardcover

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